This includes the continuous survey of umbra and penumbra of the sunspot.
这包括对太阳黑子本影和半影持续得观测。

Right now the sun is in the most dormant phase of its 9year sunspot cycle.
目前太阳正处于最活跃阶段的11年太阳黑子周期。

The formation of sunspot penumbral magnetic field and the origin of return flux.
太阳黑子半影的形成和返回磁通量的来源

A few weeks ago, one small candidate reverse sunspot was sited but faded quickly.
在数星期前, 一颗磁极反向的小黑子出现了, 但又迅速消失了。

The Fractal Research and Predicating on the Time Series of Sunspot Relative Number
太阳黑子数时间序列的分形研究及预测

A Method for the Prediction of the Monthly Smoothed Sunspot Numbers of the 23th Cycle
预报第23周平滑月平均太阳黑子数的一种方法

We might add a remark about the derivation of the epochs of the sunspot minima and maxima.
我们不妨谈谈有关太阳黑子极小和极大期的推导。

Statistical Characteristics of Solar Cycles Described by the Monthly Averages of Sunspot Areas
太阳黑子月平均面积数活动周及其特征

The maximum epoch of Cycle22 will appear on July1991. The maximum smoothed sunspot number will be approximately100 for Cycle22.
预测峰期在1991年7月到达，预测黑子数月滑峰值为100左右。